Every front. Every kind of conflict.
Explore the famous battles and the lesser-known encounters, from the Balkan passes to the Indus. Select a marker to read its story and sources.
Numbered markers open a list of nearby actions and their summaries. Dashed halos indicate approximate or regional locations. European routes, coastlines and rivers are schematic.
Battles, sieges & campaigns — in order.
All 102 documented entries, from 340 to 324/323 BCE. Within each year, entries follow the campaign narrative; exact dates are not always known. This complete list remains available when you filter the map.
Sources, scope & how to read this atlas
This catalogue follows Alexander’s military career from the Maedian campaign and Chaeronea to the Cossaean expedition of winter 324/323 BCE. It includes operations by his commanders and allies, marked separately, as well as enemy attacks on their garrisons. Capitulations connected to military pressure are distinguished from battles.
The surviving accounts cannot provide a complete log of every skirmish. Unnamed towns and repeated actions are grouped when the evidence does not support separate locations; phases of a single famous battle are not counted again as separate battles. The entry count is therefore a catalogue count, not a claim that Alexander fought that many battles. Routine peaceful visits, myths, executions and events after his death are outside this military index. Dates of some minor campaigns are approximate.
The main narrative is checked against Arrian, Anabasis, Books I–VII (Chinnock, 1884), Arrian, Indica (Robson, 1933), Plutarch, Alexander, Diodorus, Book XVII and Curtius, Book IV. Each record names its relevant book and chapters.
The red route now includes the Greek settlement of 336 BCE, the northern campaign of 335 BCE, the march from Pelium through Thessaly to Thebes, and the return to Macedonia before the Asian expedition. These European links are schematic reconstructions of the narrative in Arrian I.1–10 and Plutarch, Alexander 14; they are not surveyed marching tracks. The Haemus pass, Lyginus, Danube crossing and Pelium remain disputed. Earlier engagements under Philip are shown as markers without inventing a continuous marching route.
For geographical caution, see the 2017–2018 archaeological field study at Aornos and Encyclopaedia Iranica on the Cossaeans. Ancient rivers, disputed place identifications and unnamed sites prevent exact placement in many regions. Labels reproduce the atlas’s ancient regional geography; shaded regions are orientation aids, not dated claims of political control.